So you’ve decided to buy fresh beans from your local coffee roaster. You may even have identified your favorite bean origin and roast level. You’ve purchased a burr grinder that produces optimal consistency, and you’ve religiously maintained the golden ratio between grinds and water, using the method most recommended by coffee professionals for your morning brew. (Fact: It’s a pour-over.) What else could you do to get the most out of your coffee?
Well, if you want to get real fussed about it, which is if you What You probably love coffee, and when and how often you grind your beans, as well as how you store them, can also have a big impact on the taste.
So let’s level it up again. Luciano Repetto, co-owner of San Francisco’s multi-generational artisanal roaster Graffeo, tells us everything you need to know about timing and keeping coffee beans fresh.
Can coffee beans be too fresh?
There is such a thing as beans that are too fresh.
It’s tempting to believe that the best coffee comes from beans that are still warm after roasting, but what’s true for the bagel you eat with your coffee isn’t necessarily true for the beans. There actually is such a thing as beans that are too fresh.
“With a traditional drum roaster, you will have to wait at least a few days before grinding,” says Repetto. “The beans need time to release some of their aromas, which may be too strong immediately after roasting.” Just like you need to let your steak cool for a few minutes before slicing it, freshly roasted coffee beans need to rest a little too.
“Degassing” or “degassing” is a necessary phase in which roasted beans release carbon dioxide after roasting. Starting to grind before sufficient CO2 has been released may result in unstable extraction of the resulting coffee.
However, the roasting method also plays a big role in timing here. According to Repetto, who uses a fluid bed fryer rather than a conventional drum fryer, “From the taste tests we’ve done, you won’t have to wait weeks or days,” he says. “With fluid bed roasting, the enormous amount of air used in the process removes smoke grains and chaff. The result is a very clean taste that is ready much earlier, within 24 hours.”
Coffee professionals always recommend burr grinders over blade models.
For best results, no matter where you are, ask your local roaster what method they use for roasting, or a recommendation on how long to wait before grinding.
Grinding beans at home
In fact, you don’t have to grind your beans every day for best results. Shredding the entire bag upon arrival for convenience is certainly not recommended, but “shredding over a few days is fine,” says Repetto.
But he shares a sentiment echoed by many coffee professionals we spoke to. “The real difference in taste is how fresh the beans are and when they were roasted,” he says. “The beans don’t stay fresh very long.”
Keeping beans as fresh as possible
Avoid grinding beans that are prepared more than a few days in advance.
So how do you maintain that freshness then? Perhaps you found a nugget of information somewhere that told you it was okay to put coffee beans in the freezer. And you think you can buy freshly roasted beans in bulk to save some money in the long run. Unfortunately, you’ll want to categorize this nugget as “not very good advice.”
“We don’t recommend freezing them,” Repetto says. Cooler temperatures can help halt the loss of freshness, but unless you are diligent about maintaining and cleaning your freezer regularly, the environment is too unstable to be of any benefit. Environmental humidity and lingering aromas can contaminate the coffee beans, rendering any preservation of aroma compounds that you may have intended to achieve useless.
You really want to store them at a lower temperature and in an airtight container than the bag you bought them in to preserve the flavor oils. “The goal is to protect the grains from moisture while keeping the temperature cool and stable,” says Repetto. “This is what keeps the oils fresh and flavor intact. You can slow down the mustiness by storing them in an airtight container, such as a good jar with a lid, and storing them in the refrigerator.”
A vacuum jar is ideal for storing grains.
It is recommended to use a jar or vacuum seal, as the paper bag the beans likely came in will not protect the moisture in the refrigerator sufficiently. While you can grind a few days’ worth of beans at a time when you store them in the refrigerator, “your beans should be stored whole until you’re ready to use them,” Ripetto says.
The result with the freshness of the beans
Regardless of when and how you grind your coffee beans or how you store them, the best thing you can do for your coffee is to buy it locally, freshly roasted, often.
“I’ll say this without equivocation,” says Ripetto, “if the coffee you buy is already two or three weeks old, you can grind it as much as you want and it won’t make it any better.”
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